Far Infrared Sauna Therapy
BrainworX is excited to offer Far Infrared Sauna Therapy. Our Sauna is made from hypoallergenic Hemlock wood, and is great for helping our kids detoxify. Please call our office to book your thirty minute session today.
OSR #1 Update
On 18 June 2010, the FDA wrote to CTI Science questioning whether OSR#1® fit within the agency’s definition of a dietary supplement, indicating that instead it appeared to be a drug. Although we believe the product meets the legal definition of a “dietary supplement,” we have decided not to contest this point but to work with the agency. While achieving formal drug approval is lengthy and costly, CTI Science will in the course of it prove to FDA’s satisfaction the safety and efficacy of OSR#1® and ultimately be able to offer OSR#1® to the public with FDA-authorized therapeutic claims.
As a result of this decision, CTI Science has
voluntarily agreed to remove OSR#1® from the market effective Thursday, 29 July
2010. The product will not be available for sale after that date until new
drug approval has been obtained. Please access the CTI Science website,
www.ctiscience.com, for
updates on OSR#1® in the future.
Resources
Clinical Research
Dyscalculia
A brain imaging study of the impact of number size on the cerebral networks for exact and approximate calculation.
Ruxandra Stanescu-Cosson1, Philippe Pinel1, Pierre-Francois van de Moortele1, Denis Le Bihan1, Laurent Cohen1, 2 and Stanislas Dehaene1
1 INSERM U334, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA/DSV, Orsay
2 Service de Neurologie 1, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
Correspondence with Stanislas Dehaene, Unité INSERM 334, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA/DSV, 4 Place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay cedex.
Neuropsychological studies have revealed different subtypes of dyscalculia, including dissociations between exact calculation and approximation abilities, and an impact of number size on performance. To understand the origins of these effects, we measured cerebral activity with functional MRI at 3 Tesla and event-related potentials while healthy volunteers performed exact and approximate calculation tasks with small and large numbers. Bilateral intraparietal, precentral, dorsolateral and superior prefrontal regions showed greater activation during approximation, while the left inferior prefrontal cortex and the bilateral angular regions were more activated during exact calculation. Increasing number size during exact calculation led to increased activation in the same bilateral intraparietal regions as during approximation, as well the left inferior and superior frontal gyri. Event-related potentials gave access to the temporal dynamics of calculation processes, showing that effects of task and of number size could be found as early as 200–300 ms following problem presentation. Altogether, the results reveal two cerebral networks for number processing. Rote arithmetic operations with small numbers have a greater reliance on left-lateralized regions, presumably encoding numbers in verbal format. Approximation and exact calculation with large numbers, however, put heavier emphasis on the left and right parietal cortices, which may encode numbers in a non-verbal quantity format. Subtypes of dyscalculia can be explained by lesions disproportionately affecting only one of these networks.